A antropologia é “a ciência da humanidade”, que estuda os seres humanos em aspectos que vão desde a biologia e a história evolutiva do Homo sapiens até as características da sociedade e da cultura que distinguem decisivamente os humanos de outras espécies animais. Esta é uma lista de antropólogos organizada em ordem alfabética por local de origem ou residência. ( Veja também arqueologia e antropologia cultural.)
americano
- WF Albright
- Robert Ballard
- Adolph Bandelier
- William R. Bascom
- Ruth Benedict
- Lewis R. Binford
- Hiram Bingham
- Carl Blegen
- Franz Boas
- Linda Schreiber Braidwood
- Robert J. Braidwood
- James Henry Breasted
- Carlos Castaneda
- Fay-Cooper Cole
- Johnnetta Cole
- Carleton S. Coon
- John M. Cooper
- Frank Hamilton Cushing
- Frances Densmore
- Roland B. Dixon
- George A. Dorsey
- James Owen Dorsey
- Andrew Ellicott Douglass
- Katherine Dunham
- Loren Eiseley
- Ellen Russell Emerson
- Paul Farmer
- Alice Cunningham Fletcher
- Henri Frankfort
- Clifford Geertz
- Edward W. Gifford
- Alexander Goldenweiser
- Joseph H. Greenberg
- Horatio Hale
- A. Irving Hallowell
- Marvin Harris
- Harriet Ann Boyd Hawes
- Melville J. Herskovits
- William Henry Holmes
- Earnest A. Hooton
- F. Clark Howell
- William W. Howells
- Aleš Hrdlička
- Vladimir Ilich Jochelson
- Donald C. Johanson
- William M. Kelso
- Alfred V. Kidder
- Clyde KM Kluckhohn
- AL Kroeber
- Oliver La Farge
- Francis La Flesche
- Daniel Lieberman
- Ralph Linton
- Robert H. Lowie
- Richard MacNeish
- William Ross Maples
- Margaret Mead
- Clinton Hart Merriam
- William Corless Mills
- Lucy Myers Wright Mitchell
- James Mooney
- Lewis Henry Morgan
- Craig Morris
- George P. Murdock
- Zelia Maria Magdalena Nuttall
- Elsie Clews Parsons
- Kenneth L. Pike
- Pó Hortense
- John Wesley Powell
- Pearl Primus
- Frederic Ward Putnam
- Paul Radin
- Robert Redfield
- Kathy Reichs
- George Andrew Reisner
- WZ Ripley
- Géza Róheim
- Michael Ivanovich Rostovtzeff
- Edward Sapir
- Katherine Siva Saubel
- Gene Savoy
- Henry Rowe Schoolcraft
- Elman Service
- Marjorie Shostak
- Erminnie Smith
- Frank Gouldsmith Speck
- EG Squier
- John Lloyd Stephens
- Matilda Coxe Stevenson
- Julian Steward
- William Duncan Strong
- John Reed Swanton
- Sol Tax
- Edward Herbert Thompson
- Homer Armstrong Thompson
- Alfred M. Tozzer
- Esther Boise Van Deman
- Anthony FC Wallace
- Wilson D. Wallis
- W. Lloyd Warner
- Leslie A. White
- Gordon Randolph Willey
- Clark Wissler
- Eric Robert Wolf
Argentino
- Florentino Ameghino
australiano
- Francis James Gillen
austríaco
- Robert H. Lowie
- Eric Robert Wolf
Belga
- Franz Cumont
brasileiro
- Cláudio Villas Boas
britânico
- Anthony John Arkell
- Gregory Bateson
- James Theodore Bent
- Geoffrey Bibby
- Wallis Budge
- John Bulwer
- Ronald Montagu Burrows
- George Edward Stanhope Molyneux Herbert, 5º conde de Carnarvon
- Howard Carter
- Gertrude Caton-Thompson
- J. Desmond Clark
- RH Codrington
- Alexander Cunningham
- Mary Douglas
- Arthur Evans
- John Evans
- Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard
- Charles Fellows
- Robert Bruce Foote
- Meyer Fortes
- James George Frazer
- Maurice Freedman
- John Frere
- Francis Galton
- Percy Gardner
- Dorothy Annie Elizabeth Garrod
- John Garstang
- Alfred Cort Haddon
- William Hamilton
- David George Hogarth
- Arthur Keith
- Kathleen Kenyon
- Austen Henry Layard
- Louis SB Leakey
- Meave G. Leakey
- Seton Howard Frederick Lloyd
- John Lubbock, 1.º Barão de Avebury
- Bronisław Malinowski
- Max Mallowan
- Robert R. Marett
- John Hubert Marshall
- John Ferguson McLennan
- James Burnett, Lord Monboddo
- Ashley Montagu
- SF Nadel
- Charles Thomas Newton
- Kenneth Oakley
- Humfry Payne
- William Pengelly
- WJ Perry
- Flinders Petrie
- Augustus Henry Lane-Fox Pitt-Rivers
- James Cowles Prichard
- AR Radcliffe-Brown
- Peter John Reynolds
- Claudius James Rich
- Audrey I. Richards
- Rios WHR
- CG Seligman
- Walter William Skeat
- George Smith
- William Robertson Smith
- Baldwin Spencer
- Aurel Stein
- William Stukeley
- J. Eric S. Thompson
- Edward Burnett Tylor
- Mortimer Wheeler
- Godfrey Wilson
- Leonard Woolley
canadense
- Davidson Black
chinês
- Fei Xiaotong
- Jia Lanpo
- Li Chi
cubano
- Miguel Barnet
- Fernando Ortiz
Tcheco
- Bedřich Hrozný
dinamarquês
- Frans Ferdinand Blom
- Therkel Mathiassen
- Christian Jürgensen Thomsen
holandês
- Eugène Dubois
- Bertram Schrieke
egípcio
- Zahi Hawass
estoniano
- Karl Ernst, Ritter von Baer
finlandês
- Edward Westermarck
francês
- Jean-Jacques Barthélemy
- Paul-Émile Botta
- Jacques Boucher de Perthes
- Marcelin Boule
- Henri Breuil
- Paul Broca
- Anne-Claude-Philippe de Tubières, conde de Caylus
- Jean-François Champollion
- Claude-Joseph-Désiré Charnay
- Charles Clermont-Ganneau
- Joseph Déchelette
- Christiane Desroches-Noblecourt
- Marcel-Auguste Dieulafoy
- Joseph, Barão Fourier
- Arnold van Gennep
- François Lenormant
- Édouard Armand Isidore Hippolyte Lartet
- Bruno Latour
- Claude Lévi-Strauss
- Lucien Lévy-Bruhl
- Auguste Mariette
- Gaston Maspero
- Marcel Mauss
- Pierre Montet
- Bernard de montfaucon
- Gabriel de Mortillet
- Jules Quicherat
- Paul Rivet
- Jean-Pierre Rouch
- Ernest de Sarzec
- Claude-Frédéric-Armand Schaeffer
- Germaine Tillion
alemão
- Adolf Bastian
- Wilhelm Adolf Becker
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach
- Franz Boas
- Helmuth Theodor Bossert
- Heinrich Karl Brugsch
- Ernst Curtius
- Wilhelm Dörpfeld
- Leo Frobenius
- Adolf Furtwängler
- Fritz Graebner
- Karl Humann
- Gustav Friedrich Klemm
- Oswin Köhler
- Robert Koldewey
- Wilhelm Koppers
- Richard Lepsius
- Friedrich Ratzel
- Maria reiche
- Heinrich Schliemann
- Wilhelm Schmidt
- Richard Thurnwald
- Franz Weidenreich
- Maximilian, Prinz zu Wied-Neuwied
- Johann Winckelmann
- Hugo Winckler
grego
- Manolis Andronicos
- Spyridon Marinatos
haitiano
- Jean Price Mars
húngaro
- Sándor Bálint
- Karl Polanyi
- Géza Róheim
israelense
- Eliezer Sukenik
- Yigael Yadin
italiano
- Giovanni Battista Belzoni
- Giuseppe Fiorelli
- Rodolfo Amadeo Lanciani
- Paolo Orsi
- Giambattista Vico
Queniana
- Louis SB Leakey
- Mary Douglas Leakey
- Richard Leakey
mexicano
- Alfonso Caso y Andrade
- Miguel Covarrubias
Neozelandês
- Peter Buck
- Raymond Firth
- Michael John Morwood
- Anne Salmond
norueguês
- Thor Heyerdahl
peruano
- José María Arguedas
- Carlos Castaneda
- Maria reiche
filipino
- Manuel elizalde
russo
- Vasily Vladimirovich Bartold
- Vladimir Germanovich Bogoraz
- Vladimir Ilich Jochelson
- Yury Valentinovich Knorozov
África do Sul
- Lee Berger
- Raymond A. Dart
- Max Gluckman
- Isaac Schapera
espanhol
- Marcellino de Sautuola
sueco
- Johan Gunnar Andersson
- Gustav VI Adolf
- Oscar Montelius
- Erland Nordenskiöld
- Anders Adolf Retzius
- Magnus Gustaf Retzius
suíço
- Johann Jakob Bachofen
- Adolph Bandelier
- Henri Alexandre Junod
- Ferdinand Keller
- Jakob Messikomer
- Alfred Métraux
turco
- Hormuzd Rassam
Ugandense
- Okot p'Bitek
vietnamita
- Paulus Cua
